An information system is a combination of software, data, work processes, and the people who use them to collect, process, and present the information an organization needs.
Unlike a single application that only performs one function, an information system usually consists of several interconnected modules — for example, finance, inventory, HR, and reporting modules working together as one unit.
Its main benefits for business: reducing repetitive manual work, minimizing recording errors, speeding up decision-making thanks to real-time data, and making coordination between divisions easier when they previously worked with separate data.
Examples of its application are quite broad: academic information systems in schools, financial information systems in cooperatives, up to management information systems (ERP) in medium-to-large companies.
If your business still relies on separate spreadsheets for each division, that's a simple sign that an integrated information system might be worth considering.